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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) – Geographical Indications (GI)

1. What is a Geographical Indication (GI)?

A Geographical Indication (GI) is a sign used on products that originate from a specific geographical region and possess qualities, reputation, or characteristics that are essentially attributable to that location. In India, GI protection is governed by the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999.

2. What types of products can obtain GI registration?

GI registration can be granted for products such as:

  • Agricultural products (tea, rice, fruits)

  • Natural products

  • Handicrafts and handmade goods

  • Manufactured goods with geographical reputation

Examples include Darjeeling Tea and Banarasi Saree.

3. Who can apply for GI registration?

GI applications can be filed by:

  • Associations of producers

  • Organizations representing producers

  • Cooperative societies

  • Government authorities

Individual producers usually apply as authorized users after GI registration.

4. Where is GI registration filed in India?

GI applications are filed with the Geographical Indications Registry under the Office of the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks.

5. What are the requirements for GI registration?

To obtain GI registration, the product must:

  • Originate from a specific geographical area

  • Have unique qualities or reputation linked to that region

  • Provide evidence of historical origin and production method

6. How long does GI registration last?

GI registration is valid for 10 years and can be renewed indefinitely for further periods of 10 years.

7. What rights do authorized users receive?

Authorized users of a GI have the right to:

  • Use the GI name for their products

  • Prevent unauthorized use or imitation

  • Take legal action against infringement

8. What is GI infringement?

GI infringement occurs when a person or business uses a registered geographical indication for products that do not originate from the designated region.

9. Can a GI be transferred or licensed?

Unlike trademarks, GI rights cannot be assigned, transferred, or licensed. Only authorized producers from the designated geographical area can use the GI.

10. What are the benefits of GI registration?

GI registration:

  • Protects traditional and regional products

  • Promotes local artisans and producers

  • Enhances product reputation and market value

  • Prevents misuse of geographical names

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